Metformin — OutliveHub

Preliminary Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … Animal Model PubMed

Can metformin protect aging hearts from stress? Early evidence in mice

A cheap, common diabetes drug might help keep hearts young by protecting them from stress damage during middle age.

Researchers gave middle-aged mice metformin and then exposed them to heart stress. Metformin-treated mice showed better cardiac function and healthier mitochondria (the cell's energy factories) compared to untreated mice. This suggests metformin might help hearts …

Experimental gerontology

40 Early

Verified Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … Randomised Controlled Trial PubMed

Metformin TAME Trial Interim Results

Preliminary data shows metformin may delay onset of age-related diseases by 15-20%.

JAMA Internal Medicine n=3000

83 Strong

Preliminary Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … Animal Model PubMed

Some Anti-Aging Compounds Extend Male Worm Lifespan, But Not Always Reproductive Health

Researchers tested seven compounds known to slow aging in hermaphrodite worms on male worms and found that all extended lifespan, but only sulforaphane and metformin improved reproductive function in older males. This suggests that living …

GeroScience

43 Early

Preliminary Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … In Vitro PubMed

How metformin extends yeast lifespan through chromatin control and retrotransposon activity

Researchers discovered that metformin extends lifespan in yeast by triggering changes in how genes are packaged (chromatin regulation), which activates retrotransposons—jumping genes that normally increase with age. Surprisingly, metformin increases these genetic elements' activity while …

Mechanisms of ageing and development

43 Early

Preliminary Clinical Translation — Clinical trials, drug repurposing, regulatory pathways, and geroprotectors in humans Other medRxiv

Comparative Cardiovascular Effectiveness of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Diabetes Mellitus

Background: GLP1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) and SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) have established cardiovascular benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with similar class-level effectiveness found in previous studies. However, real-world comparative effectiveness assessments of …

medrxiv (preprint)

34 Early

Preliminary Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … Other PubMed

No evidence for squaring the survival curve: lifespan-extending treatments increase variation in age- at-death.

Geroscience has the goal of extending lifespan through geroprotective interventions. These interventions are typically imparted on groups of individuals, with their efficacy judged by increases in the average age-at-death. A more equitable outcome, which looks …

Biology letters

38 Early

Preliminary Clinical Translation — Clinical trials, drug repurposing, regulatory pathways, and geroprotectors in humans Other medRxiv

Testing Three Anti-Aging Drugs in Older Adults: A Clinical Trial Protocol

This is a protocol paper describing an upcoming clinical trial that will test whether three drugs (metformin, fisetin, and spermidine) can reduce senescent cells and reverse aging hallmarks in healthy adults over 70 within three …

medrxiv (preprint)

30 Early

Preliminary Lifestyle — Diet, exercise, and behavioral interventions Review / Commentary PubMed

Why longevity treatments work differently for men and women

Longevity treatments might work better or worse for men versus women—we need to test this to personalize medicine.

This review examines how anti-aging interventions affect males and females differently, exploring whether sex differences stem from baseline lifespan variations, body composition, metabolism, or hormone/chromosome differences. The authors argue that treating sex as a biological …

Ageing research reviews

38 Early

Preliminary Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … Animal Model PubMed

Can metformin keep muscles and bones strong as we age?

Metformin might help middle-aged people stay strong and mobile longer, but we need human studies to be sure.

Researchers gave middle-aged mice metformin (a common diabetes drug) and found it slowed aging-related weakness, preserved muscle mass and strength, and maintained bone and joint health. The findings suggest metformin might be a cheap, widely-available …

Biogerontology

42 Early

Preliminary Cellular — Research on cellular-level aging mechanisms Animal Model PubMed

How a missing immune protein ages the placenta and causes miscarriage

If low IL33 aging placentas triggers miscarriage, drugs that kill senescent cells might prevent pregnancy loss—a major women's health goal.

Researchers found that a protein called IL33 prevents placental aging; when it's missing, the placenta deteriorates through a chain reaction involving lactate buildup and broken autophagy (cellular cleanup). Senescence-targeting drugs like metformin and dasatinib+quercetin restored …

Autophagy

41 Early

Preliminary Clinical Translation — Clinical trials, drug repurposing, regulatory pathways, and geroprotectors in humans Cohort Study medRxiv

Do diabetes drugs work differently in women vs men? A massive real-world study says yes

If you take diabetes medicine, your sex may affect which drug is safest and best for you—something doctors usually don't currently account for.

Researchers analyzed 5.15 million people with type 2 diabetes across multiple countries to see if four common second-line diabetes drugs worked differently in women versus men. They found no sex differences in heart protection, but …

medrxiv (preprint)

39 Early

Preliminary Pharmacological — Drugs and compounds that may slow or reverse aging. Rapamycin, metformin, NAD+ … Review / Commentary PubMed

How a cellular energy molecule could slow kidney damage from diabetes

This research maps a potential drug target to slow kidney damage in diabetes, but human proof is still missing.

This review examines how NAD+ and a protein called SIRT3 control mitochondrial health in diabetic kidney disease, showing promising preclinical results but noting a critical gap: almost no human clinical evidence yet. If confirmed in …

Renal failure

36 Early

Disputed AI & Computational — Machine learning in aging, drug discovery, protein folding, and digital twins Other medRxiv

Computer Model Suggests Combining Four Drugs May Slow Aging Better Than Using Them Alone

A computer model suggests that combining four existing drugs differently might slow aging better than current uses, but human testing is needed.

Researchers built a computer simulation of how aging works in the body and tested which combination of four existing drugs (semaglutide, SGLT2 inhibitors, metformin, and rapamycin) might slow aging most effectively. The model suggests that …

medrxiv (preprint)

21 Weak

Promising Biomarkers — Aging clocks and measurement tools Cohort Study PubMed

Blood Proteins of Centenarians Reveal Secrets of Extreme Longevity

Researchers analyzed blood proteins from Swiss centenarians and discovered 37 proteins associated with a 'younger' profile that may explain why some people live to 100 and stay healthy. By comparing centenarian patterns across two independent …

Aging cell Feb 12, 2026

56 Promising