The mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Yishen Tongluo Formula (YSTLF) is a modern compound formula derived from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory of "kidney deficiency and collateral obstruction", and consists of seven Chinese medicinal herbs. It has been …
Hepatic glycogen accumulation is a hallmark of glucose intolerance in carnivorous fish, yet the molecular mechanisms governing the partitioning of surplus carbohydrates remain poorly understood. This study integrated physiology and functional assays to elucidate how …
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are overexpressed in breast cancer and drive oncogenesis, rendering PI3K/mTOR inhibitors as promising therapeutic agents. However, tumor cells readily develop resistance to single-agent PI3K or mTOR …
Reducing activity of the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with rapamycin extends lifespan and healthspan in many species. The mechanisms by which mTOR regulates lifespan and healthspan, however, are still unknown. Understanding how mTOR signaling …
Researchers found that purified compounds from goji berries (Lycium barbarum polysaccharides) extended the lifespan of C. elegans worms by about 21% and improved physical function, likely by activating ancient cellular stress-response pathways and altering how …
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) integrate multiple microenvironmental signals, including lectin-mediated recognition of tumor-associated glycans. Although several myeloid lectins have been implicated in tumor-macrophage interactions, their contributions to immunosuppressive TAM phenotypes remain poorly defined. We implemented a …
BACKGROUND: Immunothrombosis entails a tight interplay between thrombotic and inflammatory pathways and plays a pathological role in ischemic stroke and venous thrombosis. The mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) is a canonical serine/threonine kinase and is …
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major contributor to heart failure in patients with diabetes. Although berberine (BBR) exhibits broad metabolic and cardiovascular benefits, its mechanistic role in DCM remains incompletely defined. Cardiovascular function was assessed …
Immunosenescence, an age-associated decline in immune function, is increasingly recognized as a central determinant of health and disease in older adults. Characterized by thymic involution, loss of naïve T cells, contraction of T cell receptor …
Metformin is a biguanide and first line drug for type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus that is being recognized as a geroprotective agent capable of influencing important hallmarks of aging. Apart from its primary role in …
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is a master regulator of cell growth and metabolism and a primary effector of the mTOR signaling pathway. Given its central role in cancer and metabolic diseases, S6K1 is …
Tinnitus involves peripheral auditory damage and aberrant central plasticity, with dysregulated BDNF signaling linking injury to compensation. Yet, direct evidence connecting BDNF/AKT/mTOR pathway activation to behavioral phenotypes is limited. This study examined BDNF/AKT/mTOR expression in …
Aortic dissection (AD) is a catastrophic cardiovascular syndrome with an in-hospital mortality of more than 90%. We previously identified oxidative inactivation of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) at cysteine 674 (C674) as a driver of …
Abstract Background TNBC lacks clearly defined molecular targets, so chemotherapy remains the standard approach despite resistance, toxicity, and high relapse rates. New, less toxic therapeutic options are urgently needed. This study evaluated the anticancer potential …
Skin aging is a multifactorial, dynamically regulated biological process modulated by the synergistic interplay of intrinsic genetic programming and extrinsic environmental stressors. Chronological skin aging is dominated by molecular signatures such as telomere attrition, mitochondrial …
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) and neurofibrillary tangles. Autophagy is a critical self-degradation mechanism that preserves cellular homeostasis and function, including the clearance of misfolded proteins. Autophagy is …
Resistance to therapeutic agents represents a critical barrier in the clinical management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. We discovered that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and glutaminase 1 (GLS1) mediated glutamine …
Disulfidptosis, a recently identified form of regulated cell death driven by toxic intracellular disulfide accumulation and subsequent collapse of the actin cytoskeleton, represents a promising therapeutic vulnerability in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly for tumors exhibiting …
Given the involvement of long non-coding RNA-differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (lncRNA DANCR) in osteoporosis (OP), this study aimed to investigate its role in osteogenic differentiation (OD) of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and …
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key protein kinase that integrates various internal and external signals to control biological events including cell growth. Whereas substantial efforts were made to elucidate protein subunits interacting with …